SGQ5

How successfully did Lenin and the Bolsheviks deal with their problems (1917-1924?)


I. How much support did the Bolsheviks have from the people?
a. the elections of November 1917
i. Bolshevik seats -
175
ii. Social Revolutionary seats -
370
iii. Mensheviks seats -
15
iv. "left wing" groups -
40
v. nationality groups -
80
vi. Kadets -
17

b. How did Lenin respond to the election results?

he had the red gaurds dispers the assambly

II. What was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, and what were its conditions?
a. It was a treaty between...
germany and russia

b. Russia gave up
i. 1/3 of its farm land

ii. 1/3 of its population

iii. 2/3 of its coalmines and 1/2 its heavy industry



III. Why did the Bolsheviks resort to violence?
a. Violence from others
i. Petrograd and Moscow -
food shortages
ii. Ukraine -
loss of important source of wheat
iii. Social Revolutionaries -
wreck the treaty
iv. violence aimed at Bolshevik leaders -
cheka leader killed and lenin shot

b. Lenin's flawed reasoning

i. Marx's predictions

1. bourgeois revolution

2. proletarian revolution

ii. Russia's reality

1. two revolutins at once

2. dfepoendence on peasants

iii. Lenin's expectations for the rest of Europe

the other capitalists would follow his example, they didn't

c. Liberal historical interpretation
lenin and trotsky dedicayed to the use of violence and fear

IV. The Red Terror
a. against peasants -
any revolutionaries were put down and executed
b. against political opponents -
rounded up and shot
c. against the former Tsar -
shot by cheka

V. Civil War
a. Which groups made up the "Whites"?
SRs, mensheviks, and extsarists
b. What was the Whites' main goal?
set up a democracy
c. What was the role of other nations?
wwi allies aid the whites
d. What was the result of the Civil War?
communists win
e. How were the communists able to win the Civil War?

i. whites werent centrally organised

ii. red armys biggre

iii. lenins war communism

iv. lenin rallied the people against the foreigners



VI. What were the effects of the Civil War?
a. civilian deaths -
8 million
b. economic changes -
economy was ruined, rouble worth 1% original value

VII. What was done about economic problems?
a. effects of war communism

i. food shortages

ii. industrial standstill

b. reforms of the New Economic Policy

i. peasants keep surplus food after taxes

ii. privet trade
iii. private ownership of vuisnesses

c. successes of the NEP

i. ceonomic recovery

ii. production improves

iii, progress with the electrifiucatuon of industry